Ejemplos De Aritmetica en COBOL

Tue, Jun 30, 2020

En COBOL existen dos maneras de llevar a cabo operaciones aritméticas:

• Con el verbo COMPUTE
• Con los verbos ADD, SUBSTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE, EXPONENT

El verbo COMPUTE

El verbo COMPUTE

Este verbo o declaración, permite hacer cálculos aritméticos con los símbolos tradicionales (+,-,*,/,**), es un verbo muy eficiente comparado con ADD, SUBSTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE y EXPONENT. Puede ser utilizado para escribir mas de una operación aritmética en una sóla expresión.

Sintaxis

COMPUTE identifier-1 [ROUNDED] =
    Identifier-2 <arithmetic operator> identifier-3	
    [ON SIZE ERROR <block of statements>]
    [NOT ON SIZE ERROR <block of statements>]
[END-COMPUTE].

Las expresiones entre corchetes son opcionales.

ADD, SUBSTRACT, MULTIPLY, DIVIDE

Estos verbos nos permiten llevar a cabo una sola operación por oración, son útiles para calcular reglas de negocio sencillas y claras o para desglosar completamente un algoritmo complicado.

Existen 3 tipos de sintaxis para utilizar estos verbos.

Tipo 1

ADD A B TO C D

ADD A B C TO D GIVING E

ADD CORR WS-GROUP1 TO WS-GROUP2

Ejemplos

Ejemplo usando el verbo COMPUTE

       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-ID. SAMPLE-ARITH-1.
       
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.

       DATA DIVISION.
       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.

       01    NUMBER1   PIC 9.
       01    NUMBER2   PIC 9.
       01    NUMBER3   PIC 9.
       01    NUMBER4   PIC 9.
       01    SUMA1     PIC 99.
       01    RESTA1    PIC 99.
       01    MULT1     PIC 99.
       01    DIV1      PIC 99.
       01    EXP1      PIC 999.

       PROCEDURE DIVISION.
       SET-VALUES-ROUTINE.
          SET NUMBER1 TO 3.
          SET NUMBER2 TO 5.
          SET NUMBER3 TO 6.
          SET NUMBER4 TO 9.
       CALCULATE-ARITH-ROUTINE.
          COMPUTE SUMA1 = NUMBER1 + NUMBER4.
          COMPUTE RESTA1 = NUMBER4 - NUMBER2.
          COMPUTE MULT1 = NUMBER2 * NUMBER3.
          COMPUTE DIV1 = NUMBER4 / NUMBER1.
          COMPUTE EXP1 = NUMBER1 ** NUMBER2.
       DISPLAY-ROUTINE.
          DISPLAY 'THE SUM OF ' NUMBER1 ' AND ' NUMBER4 ' IS ' SUMA1.
          DISPLAY 'THE SUBST OF ' NUMBER4 ' AND ' NUMBER2 ' IS ' RESTA1.
          DISPLAY 'THE PRODUCT OF ' NUMBER2 ' AND ' NUMBER3 ' IS ' MULT1.
          DISPLAY 'THE DIVISION OF ' NUMBER4 ' AND ' NUMBER2 ' IS ' DIV1.
          DISPLAY 'THE POWER OF ' NUMBER1 ' TO ' NUMBER2 ' IS ' EXP1.
       FINISH-ROUTINE.
          STOP RUN.

Ejemplo usando ADD, SUBTRACT, etc…

       IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
       PROGRAM-ID. SAMPLE-ARITH-2.
       
       ENVIRONMENT DIVISION.

       DATA DIVISION.
       WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.

       01    NUMBER1   PIC 9.
       01    NUMBER2   PIC 9.
       01    NUMBER3   PIC 9.
       01    NUMBER4   PIC 9.
       01    SUMA1     PIC 99.
       01    RESTA1    PIC 99.
       01    MULT1     PIC 99.
       01    DIV1      PIC 99.
       01    EXP1      PIC 999.

       PROCEDURE DIVISION.

          SET NUMBER1 TO 3.
          SET NUMBER2 TO 5.
          SET NUMBER3 TO 6.
          SET NUMBER4 TO 9.

          ADD NUMBER1 TO NUMBER4 GIVING SUMA1 END-ADD
          SUBTRACT NUMBER4 FROM NUMBER2 GIVING RESTA1 END-SUBTRACT
          MULTIPLY NUMBER2 BY NUMBER3 GIVING MULT1 END-MULTIPLY
          DIVIDE NUMBER4 BY NUMBER1 GIVING DIV1 END-DIVIDE

          DISPLAY 'THE SUM OF ' NUMBER1 ' AND ' NUMBER4 ' IS ' SUMA1.
          DISPLAY 'THE SUBST OF ' NUMBER4 ' AND ' NUMBER2 ' IS ' RESTA1.
          DISPLAY 'THE PRODUCT OF ' NUMBER2 ' AND ' NUMBER3 ' IS ' MULT1.
          DISPLAY 'THE DIVISION OF ' NUMBER4 ' AND ' NUMBER1 ' IS ' DIV1.

          STOP RUN.

No existe un verbo como POWER para elevar a una potencia en OpenCOBOL.